maspack.matrix
Class Vector4d

java.lang.Object
  maspack.matrix.VectorObject
      maspack.matrix.Vector4d

public class Vector4d

extends VectorObject

Implements a 4 element vector, along with its most commonly used operations.

The size of these vectors is fixed.

Field Summary

double	w Fourth element
double	x First element
double	y Second element
double	z Third element

Constructor Summary

Vector4d()
Creates a 4-vector and initializes its elements to 0.

Vector4d(double x, double y, double z, double w)
Creates a 4-vector with the supplied element values.

Vector4d(Vector4d v)
Creates a 4-vector by copying an existing one.

Method Summary

void	absolute() Sets the elements of this vector to their absolute values.
void	absolute(Vector4d v1) Sets the elements of this vector to the absolute value of v1.
void	add(Vector4d v1) Adds this vector to v1 and places the result in this vector.
void	add(Vector4d v1, Vector4d v2) Adds vector v1 to v2 and places the result in this vector.
double	angle(Vector4d v1) Returns the angle between this vector and v1.
void	combine(double s1, Vector4d v1, double s2, Vector4d v2) Computes s1 v1 + s2 v2 and places the result in this vector.
double	distance(Vector4d v) Returns the Euclidean distance between this vector and vector v.
double	distanceSquared(Vector4d v) Returns the squared of the Euclidean distance between this vector and vector v.
double	dot(Vector4d v1) Returns the dot product of this vector and v1.
boolean	epsilonEquals(Vector4d v1, double eps) Returns true if the elements of this vector equal those of vector v1within a prescribed tolerance epsilon.
boolean	equals(Vector4d v1) Returns true if the elements of this vector exactly equal those of vector v1.
void	get(double[] values) Copies the elements of this vector into an array of doubles.
double	get(int i) Gets a single element of this vector.
double	infinityNorm() Returns the infinity norm of this vector.
void	interpolate(double s, Vector4d v1) Computes the interpolation (1-s) this + s v1 and places the result in this vector.
void	interpolate(Vector4d v1, double s, Vector4d v2) Computes the interpolation (1-s) v1 + s v2 and places the result in this vector.
double	length() Returns the 2 norm of this vector.
double	lengthSquared() Returns the square of the 2 norm of this vector.
int	maxAbsIndex() Returns the index (0, 1, 2, or 3) of the element of v with the largest absolute value.
double	maxElement() Returns the maximum element value of this vector.
int	minAbsIndex() Returns the index (0, 1, 2, or 3) of the element of v with the smallest absolute value.
double	minElement() Returns the minimum element value of this vector.
void	negate() Negates this vector in place.
void	negate(Vector4d v1) Sets this vector to the negative of v1.
void	normalize() Normalizes this vector in place.
void	normalize(Vector4d v1) Computes a unit vector in the direction of v1 and places the result in this vector.
double	oneNorm() Returns the 1 norm of this vector.
void	scale(double s) Scales the elements of this vector by s.
void	scale(double s, Vector4d v1) Scales the elements of vector v1 by s and places the results in this vector.
void	scaleAdd(double s, Vector4d v1) Computes s this + v1 and places the result in this vector.
void	scaleAdd(double s, Vector4d v1, Vector4d v2) Computes s v1 + v2 and places the result in this vector.
void	set(double[] values) Sets the elements of this vector from an array of doubles.
void	set(double x, double y, double z, double w) Sets the elements of this vector to the prescribed values.
void	set(int i, double value) Sets a single element of this vector.
void	set(Vector4d v1) Sets the values of this vector to those of v1.
void	setRandom() Sets the elements of this vector to uniformly distributed random values in the range -0.5 (inclusive) to 0.5 (exclusive).
void	setRandom(double lower, double upper) Sets the elements of this vector to uniformly distributed random values in a specified range.
void	setRandom(double lower, double upper, java.util.Random generator) Sets the elements of this vector to uniformly distributed random values in a specified range, using a supplied random number generator.
void	setToHomogeneous(Vector3d v1, double w) Sets the values of this vector to a homogeneous representation formed from a 3-vector and a weighting factor w.
void	setZero() Sets the elements of this vector to zero.
int	size() Returns the size of this vector (which is always 4)
void	sort() Sorts the contents of this vector by element value, with x being set to the largest value and w being set to the smallest value.
void	sort(Vector4d v1) Sorts the contents of vector v1 by element value, with x being set to the largest value and w being set to the smallest value, and places the results in this vector.
void	sortAbsolute() Sorts the contents of the vector by the absolute value of its components.
void	sub(Vector4d v1) Subtracts v1 from this vector and places the result in this vector.
void	sub(Vector4d v1, Vector4d v2) Subtracts vector v1 from v2 and places the result in this vector.

Methods inherited from class maspack.matrix.VectorObject

dot, epsilonEquals, equals, equals, get, isFixedSize, norm, normSquared, scan, set, setSize, toString, toString, toString

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

x

public double x

First element

y

public double y

Second element

z

public double z

Third element

w

public double w

Fourth element

Constructor Detail

Vector4d

public Vector4d()

Creates a 4-vector and initializes its elements to 0.

Vector4d

public Vector4d(Vector4d v)

Creates a 4-vector by copying an existing one.

Parameters:

v - vector to be copied

Vector4d

public Vector4d(double x,
                double y,
                double z,
                double w)

Creates a 4-vector with the supplied element values.

Parameters:

x - first element

y - second element

z - third element

w - fourth element

Method Detail

size

public int size()

Returns the size of this vector (which is always 4)

Specified by:

size in class VectorObject

Returns:

4

get

public double get(int i)

Gets a single element of this vector. Elements 0, 1, 2, and 3 correspond to x, y, z, and w.

Specified by:

get in class VectorObject

Parameters:

i - element index

Returns:

element value throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if i is not in the range 0 to 3.

get

public void get(double[] values)

Copies the elements of this vector into an array of doubles.

Overrides:

get in class VectorObject

Parameters:

values - array into which values are copied

set

public void set(int i,
                double value)

Sets a single element of this vector. Elements 0, 1, 2, and 3 correspond to x, y, z, and w.

Specified by:

set in class VectorObject

Parameters:

i - element index

value - element value

Returns:

element value throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if i is not in the range 0 to 3.

set

public void set(double[] values)

Sets the elements of this vector from an array of doubles.

Overrides:

set in class VectorObject

Parameters:

values - array from which values are copied

set

public void set(Vector4d v1)

Sets the values of this vector to those of v1.

Parameters:

v1 - vector whose values are copied

add

public void add(Vector4d v1,
                Vector4d v2)

Adds vector v1 to v2 and places the result in this vector.

Parameters:

v1 - left-hand vector

v2 - right-hand vector

add

public void add(Vector4d v1)

Adds this vector to v1 and places the result in this vector.

Parameters:

v1 - right-hand vector

sub

public void sub(Vector4d v1,
                Vector4d v2)

Subtracts vector v1 from v2 and places the result in this vector.

Parameters:

v1 - left-hand vector

v2 - right-hand vector

sub

public void sub(Vector4d v1)

Subtracts v1 from this vector and places the result in this vector.

Parameters:

v1 - right-hand vector

negate

public void negate(Vector4d v1)

Sets this vector to the negative of v1.

Parameters:

v1 - vector to negate

negate

public void negate()

Negates this vector in place.

scale

public void scale(double s)

Scales the elements of this vector by s.

Parameters:

s - scaling factor

scale

public void scale(double s,
                  Vector4d v1)

Scales the elements of vector v1 by s and places the results in this vector.

Parameters:

s - scaling factor

v1 - vector to be scaled

interpolate

public void interpolate(Vector4d v1,
                        double s,
                        Vector4d v2)

Computes the interpolation (1-s) v1 + s v2 and places the result in this vector.

Parameters:

v1 - left-hand vector

s - interpolation factor

v2 - right-hand vector

interpolate

public void interpolate(double s,
                        Vector4d v1)

Computes the interpolation (1-s) this + s v1 and places the result in this vector.

Parameters:

s - interpolation factor

v1 - right-hand vector

scaleAdd

public void scaleAdd(double s,
                     Vector4d v1)

Computes s this + v1 and places the result in this vector.

Parameters:

s - scaling factor

v1 - vector to be added

scaleAdd

public void scaleAdd(double s,
                     Vector4d v1,
                     Vector4d v2)

Computes s v1 + v2 and places the result in this vector.

Parameters:

s - scaling factor

v1 - vector to be scaled

v2 - vector to be added

combine

public void combine(double s1,
                    Vector4d v1,
                    double s2,
                    Vector4d v2)

Computes s1 v1 + s2 v2 and places the result in this vector.

Parameters:

s1 - left-hand scaling factor

v1 - left-hand vector

s2 - right-hand scaling factor

v2 - right-hand vector

length

public double length()

Returns the 2 norm of this vector. This is the square root of the sum of the squares of the elements.

Returns:

vector 2 norm

lengthSquared

public double lengthSquared()

Returns the square of the 2 norm of this vector. This is the sum of the squares of the elements.

Returns:

square of the 2 norm

distance

public double distance(Vector4d v)

Returns the Euclidean distance between this vector and vector v.

Returns:

distance between this vector and v

distanceSquared

public double distanceSquared(Vector4d v)

Returns the squared of the Euclidean distance between this vector and vector v.

Returns:

squared distance between this vector and v

maxElement

public double maxElement()

Returns the maximum element value of this vector.

Overrides:

maxElement in class VectorObject

Returns:

maximal element

minElement

public double minElement()

Returns the minimum element value of this vector.

Overrides:

minElement in class VectorObject

Returns:

minimal element

infinityNorm

public double infinityNorm()

Returns the infinity norm of this vector. This is the maximum absolute value over all elements.

Overrides:

infinityNorm in class VectorObject

Returns:

vector infinity norm

oneNorm

public double oneNorm()

Returns the 1 norm of this vector. This is the sum of the absolute values of the elements.

Overrides:

oneNorm in class VectorObject

Returns:

vector 1 norm

dot

public double dot(Vector4d v1)

Returns the dot product of this vector and v1.

Parameters:

v1 - right-hand vector

Returns:

dot product

angle

public double angle(Vector4d v1)

Returns the angle between this vector and v1. The angle is defined as acos(c), where c is the dot product of unit vectors parallel to this vector and v1.

Parameters:

v1 - right-hand vector

Returns:

angle between vectors, in radians

normalize

public void normalize()

Normalizes this vector in place.

normalize

public void normalize(Vector4d v1)

Computes a unit vector in the direction of v1 and places the result in this vector.

Parameters:

v1 - vector to normalize

epsilonEquals

public boolean epsilonEquals(Vector4d v1,
                             double eps)

Returns true if the elements of this vector equal those of vector v1within a prescribed tolerance epsilon.

Parameters:

v1 - vector to compare with

eps - comparison tolerance

Returns:

false if the vectors are not equal within the specified tolerance

equals

public boolean equals(Vector4d v1)

Returns true if the elements of this vector exactly equal those of vector v1.

Parameters:

v1 - vector to compare with

Returns:

false if the vectors are not equal

setZero

public void setZero()

Sets the elements of this vector to zero.

set

public void set(double x,
                double y,
                double z,
                double w)

Sets the elements of this vector to the prescribed values.

Parameters:

x - value for first element

y - value for second element

z - value for third element

setToHomogeneous

public void setToHomogeneous(Vector3d v1,
                             double w)

Sets the values of this vector to a homogeneous representation formed from a 3-vector and a weighting factor w. The weighting factor scales the x, y, and z elements of v1 and sets the w field of this vector.

Parameters:

v1 - 3-vector

w - weighting factor

absolute

public void absolute()

Sets the elements of this vector to their absolute values.

absolute

public void absolute(Vector4d v1)

Sets the elements of this vector to the absolute value of v1.

Parameters:

v1 - vector to take the absolute value of

sortAbsolute

public void sortAbsolute()

Sorts the contents of the vector by the absolute value of its components.

maxAbsIndex

public int maxAbsIndex()

Returns the index (0, 1, 2, or 3) of the element of v with the largest absolute value.

Returns:

index

minAbsIndex

public int minAbsIndex()

Returns the index (0, 1, 2, or 3) of the element of v with the smallest absolute value.

Returns:

index

sort

public void sort(Vector4d v1)

Sorts the contents of vector v1 by element value, with x being set to the largest value and w being set to the smallest value, and places the results in this vector.

Parameters:

v1 - vector to sort

sort

public void sort()

Sorts the contents of this vector by element value, with x being set to the largest value and w being set to the smallest value.

setRandom

public void setRandom()

Sets the elements of this vector to uniformly distributed random values in the range -0.5 (inclusive) to 0.5 (exclusive).

setRandom

public void setRandom(double lower,
                      double upper)

Sets the elements of this vector to uniformly distributed random values in a specified range.

Parameters:

lower - lower random value (inclusive)

upper - upper random value (exclusive)

setRandom

public void setRandom(double lower,
                      double upper,
                      java.util.Random generator)

Sets the elements of this vector to uniformly distributed random values in a specified range, using a supplied random number generator.

Parameters:

lower - lower random value (inclusive)

upper - upper random value (exclusive)

generator - random number generator