• ~300K machines available, reportedly 2,000 worker machines is not unusual
• Typical apps: search, distributed sort, distributed grep, world map showing location of queries
• Map-partition-reduce
• Sawzall: users write code to manipulate one record, it takes care of rest
• Distributed filesystem-based database
• Code is a trade secret
• Vandalism, malicious code low concerns
• Communication: writes results to distributed file system, where further workers "pick it up" (sort of very slow shared memory!) Throughput more important than latency.

Volunteer megacluster

• Variable. SETI@home claims 2M
• Typical apps: biological simulations (protein folding, drug discovery)
• Code varies from project to project and is pretty closely guarded to prevent vandalism
• Vandalism, malicious code high concerns
• Communication: infrequent, small size, presumably bottlenecked by small number of servers

Botnets

• 1.5M (Dutch), 400K (US)
• Typical distributed apps: denial-of-service attacks, spam delivery, click-fraud, subvert other computers (as well as mine local hard drive for account information)
• Code apparently relatively easily available; some is GPLed! Legit sites not eager to spread the knowledge.
• High concerns about tracability, malicious code (i.e. other bot herders)
• Communication: command-and-control frequently through IRC; bandwidth and computing power is stolen so "free"; latency not particularly important. Concern about jumping to P2P networks soon.

GPUs

• 20ish cores on GPU processor, tenish vertex processors and tenish fragment processors
• Typical apps: graphics (duh), fluid flow, FFT
• Higher level languages (HLLs)
  • Cg (nVidia)
  • Brook (open source, written on top of Cg) -- strong map/reduce component
• No possibility of external malicious code.
• Communication: vertex processors and fragment processors communicate via registers. Vertex processors can't write to external memory; fragment processors can't read from external memory (except in a hack-y way through texture buffer).

Single Instruction Multiple Data

Hardware

Google

Very large volunteer networks

GPUs

Merrimac

Software

Sawzall

(grid?)

CG

Brook